Minimum describers for the characterization morfo-agronomic of cocoa (Theobroma cocoa Lin.)
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Abstract
The present work was carried out with the objective of selecting the minimum describers for the characterization of the germplasm of Cuban cocoa, where it were selected in field 74 agreements of cocoa (Theobroma cocoa Lin.) of the collection it bases Cuban existent in the Estación Experimental Agroforestal of Baracoa, to constitute a representative work collection of the diversity, where the existent genetic and geographical groups are included in the country. The characterization of the work collection was carried out based on the describers proposed by Engels (1983) that includes one of the leaf, ten of flower, eleven of seeds, 15 of fruits or ears, four of production, one of car compatibility, one of illnesses and six of quality. The womb of data of all the characters was analyzed by descriptive simple statistic with average of quantitative and qualitative variables. The analyses of interpretation of the information were made by means of the package statistical Statistica version 6.00. Was found phenotypic variability in the cocoa germplasm, while the minimum describers identified for the characterization of the collection were: the depth of the primary furrows, the presence of pigments antocianics in the furrow of the mature fruits, the mass of humid seed, the half number of seeds for ear, the color of the cotyledons, the longitude of the sepals, the longitude of the ovary, the acidity of the grain, the percentage of fat of the grains and the car compatibility of the plants.
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