Effect of water stress on the behavior of cultivars of Coffea arabica under in vitro conditions
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Abstract
The investigation was developed in the biotechnology laboratory in the Centro de Investigaciones Agrícolas of Gima (Jimma Agricultural Research Centre), to the Southwest of Ethiopia; between January and October of the 2007 period; to value the effect of the osmotic stress (water stress) on the growth of the stalk and roots of four cultivars of Coffea arabica under cultivation conditions in vitro. Samples of mature seeds of four Coffea arabica cultivars were used (Aba Buna, F-59, 7487 and Gawe), taken place in the season from the 2006 to the 2007 and benefitted by Coffee Breeding department and Coffee Agronomy of JARC. The zygotic embryos were deposited on the basal means SH (Schenk and Hildebrandt, 1972), containing BAP (0.02 mg/L), ELL (0.02 mg/l) and GA3 (0.05 mg/L). Six concentrations of the Manitol osmotic agent’s (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 %) were used for each coffee genotype. A significant differences among the coffee germplasm subjected to the stress (p < 0.05) for the root longitude. The growth of the root of the four cultivars was significantly inhibited with the osmotic stress taken place by the use of the Manitol. However, a Manitol concentration to 2 % produced the stimulation in the elongation from the root to the 20 days and 45 days after the treatment. The lethal doses (DL) for the root growth were 6 % from Manitol to the 20 days and 6.5 % from Manitol to the 10 days and 45 days.
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