Effects of biological products on Theobroma cacao L. seedlings, as an alternative for agroforestry development
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Abstract
The study evaluated the effect of biological products on Theobroma cacao L. seedlings as an alternative for sustainable agroforestry development. The problem lies in the need to improve the quality of cocoa seedlings to increase their productivity and reduce dependence on chemical inputs. The objective was to analyze the impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Efficient Microorganisms (EM) on the growth and development of cocoa seedlings. Five treatments with AMF (INCAN-11 and INCAN-2) and EM, plus a control, were established in a completely randomized design. Variables such as germination, growth, dry mass and morphological indices were evaluated. The results showed that accumulated germination reached 100% on the sixth day, with greater vigour on the fifth day. The treatments with EM showed the greatest growth in length, while Funneliformis mosseae showed the lowest values. Root and leaf dry mass were higher in inoculated plants. Treatments with F. mosseae were notable for their low slenderness index and high Dickson quality index, indicating greater mechanical resistance. It was concluded that biostimulants significantly improve the early development of cocoa, being a viable alternative for sustainable production.
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