Situación epidemiológica de la roya del cafeto (Hemileia vastatrix Berkeley & Broome) en las condiciones agroecológicas de Tercer Frente, Cuba
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Abstract
The work was developed in coffee areas of the Agricultural Enterprise of the Tercer Frente municipality, Santiago de Cuba province, where the behavior of the coffee Rust (Hemileia vastatrix Berk. and Br.) was evaluated in the period understood among 1987-2014. For the development of the rehearsal an area of 0.5-1 ha was selected there is where 15 plants were marked, taken representatively and selected at random. In each plant four branches were marked guided cardinally in the half part according to the methodology of Kushalappa et al. (1984). The biological and climatic variables were registered in each evaluation. The intensity of the disease was determined using a scale of 5 degrees, determining the infection index by means of the Towsend and Heuberguer (1943) formula (CIBAGEYGY, 1981). The biggest in the disease indexes happened in the period October to March, coinciding with the months of low temperatures, the occurrence of precipitations and to the dispersion of the inoculum during the crop. Among the more important microclimatic factors which affected the cycle of life of H. vastatrix Berk. and Br., the temperature and the rains were closely related to the biggest distribution and intensity of the disease. Under our conditions three stages were determined in the epidemic development of the coffee Rust H. vastatrix Berk. and Br.: slow growth in the months of March to June; quick growth of June to September and maximum growth of October to March.
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