Influencia de las temperaturas y precipitaciones en el desarrollo de índices morfológicos del cacao en Jibacoa
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Abstract
This investigation was carried out since January until July between 2011 and 2012 years, with the objective of evaluating the influence of the precipitations and temperatures in the morphological index development of cocoa plants in Jibacoa, located in the Guamuhaya clump. To 19 plants taken at random were selected four branches, one per each cardinal point for a total of 76 per month. The percentages of emission of apical bud, the state to foliate of the plants were estimate and branches length was measured. The morphological indicators evaluated were correlated with the statistical program Statistica with p ≤ 0,05 %. It was used Microsoft Excel for to draw a graph the regression analysis among the climatic variables and the morphological indicators that had a significant correlation. For the foliation the ranges of half temperature and more appropriate maxim were respectively between 24-25 ºC and 30-31 ºC. The apical buds had a better development as for their length when the precipitations and the maximum temperatures increased, the most appropriate range of minimum and half temperature were respectively between 19-20 ºC and 25-26 ºC. In January month the plants had a half defoliation of 43,6 %, without buds product to the drops present temperatures for the arrivals of the cold fronts and the scarce rains take place.
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