Caracterización y análisis morfoagronómico de seis genotipos de Theobroma cacao Lin.
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Abstract
The present work was carried out in the Germplasm Bank of the Estación Experimental Agro-Forestal of Baracoa, between March, 2014 and June, 2016 with the objective of characterizing morphoagronomically six genotypes of Theobroma cocoa Lin. 29 describers morphoagronomic were evaluated: production (3), seed (6), fruit (9), flower (6), resistance to diseases (1) and physical-chemical of quality (4); those were determined that more contributed to the variability, in the quantitative ones by means of an analysis of main components and in the qualitative ones by means of the diversity index of Shannon-Weaver and a multiple correspondence analysis. With the selected describers a dendrogram was elaborated. As a result was carried out the morphoagronomic characterization of the clones UF-650, UF-654, UF-677, UF-613, UF-296 and UF-221 under the Baracoa conditions. 14 quantitative describers and four were identified qualitative as those that more contributes to the variability in the evaluated clones. The dendogram obtained sample three groups, one formed by a clone, another for two clones and a third for three clones. In the second group the clones UF-654 and UF-677 were located; they were those that presented the characteristic more promissory morphoagronomic for their use in the production, among those that are bigger seed index, humid and dry weight, thickness and wide.
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