Afectaciones producidas al cacao por Phytophthora palmivora (Butl.) Butl. en 10 sitios del municipio de Baracoa, provincia de Guantánamo, Cuba
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Abstract
With the objective of evaluate the effects caused by the chromista Phytophthora palmivora to the cocoa cultivation in Baracoa, the following work was carried out at the Baracoa Agroforestry Experimental Station, Guantánamo province during the period from September 2017 to December 2018. For it, ten experimental sites of 0,5 ha each were selected, distributed in the fundamental productive poles of the territory (San Luis, Jobo Dulce, El Güirito, Jamal, El Laurel, La Poa, Paso de Cuba, La Alegría, Saibá and Santa Rosa). For this, the simple random sampling technique was used with a monthly frequency, to calculate the effects, in 20 random plants. The quantity of fruits infested by Phytophthora palmivora (Butl) Butl was evaluated in each plant. For the study, the behavior of the main meteorological variables was taken into account. The results using the statistical package Infostat free version (2012) showed that Phytophthtora palmivora infested the crop in all the evaluated sites, with the highest incidence rates being observed in Santa Rosa (20,48 %) in the first year and in the second year in El Laurel. (14,64 %), Santa Rosa and La Alegría, with 14,52 % each. The month of highest infection by P. palmivora was November in the entire period studied.
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