Selección individual de plantas élites o cabeza de serie en poblaciones de cacao híbrido1
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Abstract
An experiment was developed in areas of the property La Fidelina belonging to the Estación Experimental Agro-Forestal Baracoa located in the municipality of Baracoa, Guantánamo province, Cuba, during March of 1998 - December of the 2004 period and on an Alluvial Humic Gleyed soil, with the objective of selecting individuals elites inside at a genotypes population used as part of a study of behavior of 12 descendants of isolated and controlled pollination of Theobroma cocoa Lin. located at random in the low field an experimental blocks design with five replicates. During two crops the selection variables: the total number of ears, the yield of dry cocoa in kg • planta-1, the number average of seeds for ears and the half mass of the ears in kg were evaluated. With the plants that manifested superior yield to 25 % of the populational half and for the characters that showed significant interaction it was adjusted the pattern of effect of interaction multiplicative and effects main preservatives. as stable in the production of ears the selections Felca-10, Felca-8 and Felca-7 with values superiors to the 58 ears per year; the selections Felca-4 and Felca-10 for the yield with average of 3,5 and 2,97 kg • planta-1; the selections Felca-11, Felca-4 and Felca-9 for the number of seeds for ears with values between 42 and 45 and for the mass of the fruit the selections Felca-4, Felca-5, Felca-11, Felca-10 and Felca-6. To establish cocoa clonal gardens where it be included for their establishment the selected plants Felca-4, Felca-7, and Felca-10.
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